Some literary theory has indeed been excessively in-group and obscurantist, and this book represents one attempt
ENADE 2017 - QUESTÃO 23
Some literary theory has indeed been excessively in-group and obscurantist, and this book represents one attempt to undo that damage and make it more widely accessible. But there is another sense in which such theory is the very reverse of elitist. What is truly elitist in literary studies is the idea that works of literature can only be appreciated by those with a particular sort of cultural breeding. There are those who have literary values in their bones, and those who languish in the outer darkness.
One important reason for the growth of literary theory since the 1960s was the gradual breakdown of this assumption, under the impact of new kinds of students entering higher education from supposedly `uncultivated' backgrounds. Theory was a way of emancipating literary works from the stranglehold of a `civilized sensibility', and throwing them open to a kind of analysis in which, in principle at least, anyone could participate.
Those who complain of the difficulty of such theory would often, ironically enough, not expect to understand a textbook of biology or chemical engineering straight off. Why then should literary studies be any different? Perhaps because we expect literature itself to be an 'ordinary' kind of language instantly available to everyone; but this is itself a very particular 'theory' of literature. Properly understood, literary theory s shaped by a democratic impulse rather than an elitist one; and to this extent, when it does lapse into the turgidly unreadable, it is being untrue to its own historical roots.
EAGLETON, T. Literary Theory: an introduction. Minneapolis: The University of Minnesota Press, 1996 (adaptado).
Segundo o texto, o crescimento da área da teoria literária deve-se
A) à tentativa de desfazer os prejuízos originados por algumas correntes da teoria literária excessivamente endógenas e obscuras.
B) à crescente facilidade da linguagem dos textos de teoria literária em comparação com a dificuldade dos de outras áreas do saber.
C) ao rompimento paulatino com a ideia de literatura limitada aos que possuem grande sensibilidade e valores literários de berço.
D) ao acesso à alta cultura por parte dos alunos universitários de diferentes classes sociais.
E) ao caráter emancipatório das teorias surgidas a partir dos anos 1960.
QUESTÃO ANTERIOR:
GABARITO:
C) ao rompimento paulatino com a ideia de literatura limitada aos que possuem grande sensibilidade e valores literários de berço.
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